Build-up areas cover the land classified as urban, industrial and abandoned urban and industrial. Annual land take means the total land taken by built-up areas in a yearly basis, in other words the annual amount of change in built-up areas, within a specific p...

A composite indicator reflecting the relative flood risk within urban areas by taking into account the natural exposure (predicted flooded area and mean depth), and the sensitivity of the city to flooding (population and infrastructure affected).

Percentage of residential houses, which have been built before 1950. Based on National Census and building stock statistics.

Potential accessibility computed as, for each origin point, the sum of people at destinations divided by a transformation of travel time to those destinations. The transformation of travel times is through a general distance decay function.

A functional urban area consists of a city plus its commuting zone. This was formerly known as LUZ (larger urban zone). The source for the boundaries is: EuroGeographics Association for the administrative boundaries and DG REGIO.

The indicator measures the access to broadband and the quality of the connection in each municipality. The broadband speed has been classified into three different categories according to the quality of connection: below 30 Mbps (minimum required), between 3...

Total quantity of NOx emitted by human activities (100kg/year).

Build-up areas cover the land classified as urban, industrial and abandoned urban and industrial. Land take means the total land taken by built-up areas, in other words the amount of change in built-up areas, within a specific period. In this indicator, first ...

This indicator measures the dependence of a country’s tourism on distant international markets. It is calculated as the share of nights spent at accommodation establishments by foreign tourists arriving from distant origins. Within the European continent, the ...

This descriptor measures the dependence on international markets for tourism demand, revealing exposure to risks related to international travel restrictions and other demand shocks. It is expressed as the share of nights spent by foreign tourists in relation ...

This descriptor measures the degree of fall and recovery of tourism demand after the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is calculated as the proportion of nights spent in a given year in relation to the equivalent period in 2019 (baseline). A higher value i...

The occupancy rate is the percentage of time within a year that available bed-places within a tourist destination (country of region) are occupied with tourists. It provides an indication of balance between capacity and demand. Low values may signal over capac...

This descriptor shows the number of “blue flag” certifications awarded to beaches, marinas and sustainable boating tourism operators. Blue flags are awarded annually for their high quality standards in terms of the water quality, environmental management and i...

Historical (observations) data and projections (modelled) of total employment per metro region (unit:employees). Historical regional data were extracted from EUROSTAT's online database and missing data were calculated in order to complete the historical series...

This indicator measures the percentage of tourism ecosystem enterprises with online sales. It is based on data collected by the National Statistical Institutes through questionnaires to enterprises with 10 or more employees and self-employed persons (NACE sect...

This descriptor measures the total number of arrivals at tourist accommodation establishments in a destination (country or region) in a given year, from both domestic and foreign tourists. Higher values indicate higher tourism demand. This descriptor is provid...

Historical (observations) data and projections (modelled) of total GDP in purchasing power parities (PPS) per metro region. Historical regional data of GVA were extracted from EUROSTAT's online database and missing data were calculated in order to complete the...

This indicator is a proxy for the online presence of the tourism accommodation capacity. It relates the observed number of tourist accommodation rooms (in hotel and short-term rentals) listed on a key web platform (TripAdvisor) with the expected number of list...

This indicator is calculated as the share of tourism ecosystem enterprises using two or more social media (having a user profile, an account or a user license). It is based on data collected by the National Statistical Institutes through questionnaires to ente...