This indicator provides a measure of the surfaces of artificial areas per inhabitant (in square meters) for a specific year. Build-up areas correspond to land classified as urban, industrial and abandoned urban and industrial. Besides the built-up areas, artif...

Annual rate of change in urban population proportion (proportion of the population living in Local Administrative Units - 2 classified as cities, towns and suburbs. The classification of LAU2s as cities, towns and suburbs is based on the LUISA degree of urban...

Green Infrastructure (GI) is defined as a network of high quality green spaces and other environmental features. GI includes natural and semi-natural areas, features and green spaces in rural and urban, terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine areas. This i...

Percentage of residential houses, which have been built before 1950. Based on National Census and building stock statistics.

The indicator first identifies the minimum number of public transport stops that could serve 80% of a city’s total population, and second computes the average distance between the identified stops. It finally normalizes the multiplication of these two values w...

Urban population proportion. Proportion of the population living in Local Administrative Units - 2 (LAU2s) classified as cities, towns and suburbs. Classification of LAU2s as cities, towns and suburbs is based on the LUISA degree of urbanization projections. T...

The indicator shows the spatial distribution of CO (Carbon monixide) emissions over Europe. The total emissions for each country are derived from the GAINS model. This is the first version of the dataset (1.0) and it has not been extensively validated yet.

Modelled average travel distances in 2010 and 2050 according to LUISA projections and a spatial interaction model (unit:meters). The results are based on a number of simulation-specific assumptions but are instrumental in informing the relative potential for s...

A composite indicator reflecting the relative flood risk within urban areas by taking into account the natural exposure (predicted flooded area and mean depth), and the sensitivity of the city to flooding (population and infrastructure affected).

Green Infrastructure (GI) is defined as a network of high quality green spaces and other environmental features. GI includes natural and semi-natural areas, features and green spaces in rural and urban, terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine areas. This i...

Build-up areas cover the land classified as urban, industrial and abandoned urban and industrial. Land take means the total land taken by built-up areas, in other words the amount of change in built-up areas, within a specific period. In this indicator, first ...

This indicator measures the annual mean concentrations of NO2 (µg/m3). NO2 is one of the main pollutants emitted by road vehicles, shipping, power generation industry and households. Because of its high impact on human health, the EU Air Quality Directive (200...

The indicator measures the total number of people exposed to an annual mean concentrations of NO2 superior to 40 micro gram/m3 of air (unit:persons). NO2 is one of the main pollutants emitted by road vehicles, shipping, power generation industry and households...

Total quantity of NOx emitted by human activities (100kg/year).

This indicator measures the annual mean concentrations of PM10 (µg / m3). PM10 is one of the main pollutants emitted by household and (to a lower extent) commercial and institutional fuel combustion, followed by industrial activities and transport. Because of ...

Total quantity of PM10 emitted by human activities (100 kg/year).

This indicator measures the total number of people exposed to an annual mean concentrations of PM10 exceeding 30 microgram /m3 of air. PM10 is one of the main pollutants emitted by household and (to a lower extent) commercial and institutional fuel combustion,...

The indicator shows the spatial distribution of PM2.5 (sub-25µm particulate matter in 100 kg/year) emissions over Europe.

This indicator sums up populations (total number of inhabitants) issued from LUISA model runs at a specified administrative level.